ABSTRACT
Objective: To investigate the epidemiological aspects of all-cause injuries in Hamadan province during a 6-year period
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on injured subjects admitted to private or governmental hospitals in Hamadan province during March 2009 to March 2015. The epidemiological characteristics were retrieved from a registry-based system including gender, residency, injury mechanism and date of injury occurrence, outcome of hospitalization [full recovery/disability/death]
Results: Totally, 135,925 hospitalized injured cases were recorded. The majority of cases were male [72.6%] and were occurred in urban areas [60%], about 40% of patients were in 20-34 years' age group, and the highest proportion [30.13%] of injuries occurred in summer. Logistic regression showed that the odds of disability vs. recovery was significantly higher in rural areas [Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] =3.42] and the odds of death vs. recovery was higher among male gender [AOR=1.46]. In addition, comparing to the 0-4-year age-group, odds of death were significantly higher in middle aged and elderly victims
Conclusion: Our findings showed that middle age groups, male gender and urban area increase the odds of death. Injured males and old age subjects had the highest odds of death and out of residential area injuries were common cause of leading death injuries
ABSTRACT
Objective: To address the epidemiology of animal bites and associated factors with delay in post-exposure prophylaxis [PEP] in Nahvand district, western Iran
Methods: Data were obtained from Rabies Treatment Center [RTC] in Nahavan district from March 2015 to March 2017. All of referred cases to RTC include 1448 cases of animal bites using the census method were recruited. Epidemiological profile of participants was demonstrated using descriptive statistics and determinants of PEP was addressed by logistic regression model
Results: The majority of victims were males 1167[80.5%]. superficial bites were more prevalent than deep status injuries [1145[79.0%] VS. 303[20.9%]]. The biting rate differed according to season in the period of the study [p<0.001]. Cases who experienced animal biting in the autumn was more likely to refer timely for PEP than cases in spring season [OR, 0.39; 95% CI: 0.26 - 0.59, p<0.001]
Conclusion: Our findings addressed the pattern of potential delays in PEP including the role of season. Local authorities of Nahavand district should considered preventive activities and educational interventions to reduce animal biting and provide timely prophylaxis
ABSTRACT
Suicide is a serious public health concern in the world. Epidemiologists are considered the mainstay of the management of problem. The purpose of this study was to investigate the trend of suicide [attempts and completed] by age and gender in a 6-year time period and to compare the suicide rates between in age and gender groups in Ilam. In this cross-sectional study, a total of number of suicidal attempts during a 6-year period from 2011 to 2016 were recorded. The data were derived from the systematic registration suicide data [SRSD] which collects official statistics from the Ilam University of Medical Sciences. Suicide rate in period of the study in men was reported to be 24.0 in 2011 to 17.9 in 2016 per 100,000 populations; also this rate in women was between 16.2 in 2011 to 7.3 in 2016 per 100,000 populations. Trend analysis revealed a decreasing trend [r= -0.82, p=0.043], in attempts, as well as completed suicides [r= -0.53, p=0.048]. The current data demonstrated a decreasing trend in both attempts and completed suicide rates from 2011 to 2016. Also we found that the rate of completed suicide in all age groups were higher in men compared to women
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: It is recognized that socioeconomic status (SES) has a significant impact on health and wellbeing; however, the effect of SES on suicide is contested. This study explored the effect of SES in suicide deaths and decomposed inequality into its determinants to calculate relative contributions. METHODS: Through a cross-sectional study, 546 suicide deaths and 6,818 suicide attempts from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2014 in Ilam Province, Western Iran were explored. Inequality was measured by the absolute concentration index (ACI) and decomposed contributions were identified. All analyses were performed using STATA ver. 11.2 (Stata Corp., College Station, TX, USA). RESULTS: The overall ACI for suicide deaths was −0.352 (95% confidence interval, −0.389 to −0.301). According to the results, 9.8% of socioeconomic inequality in suicide deaths was due to addiction in attempters. ACI ranged from −0.34 to −0.03 in 2010–2014, showing that inequality in suicide deaths declined over time. CONCLUSION: Findings showed suicide deaths were distributed among the study population unequally, and our results confirmed a gap between advantaged and disadvantaged attempters in terms of death. Socioeconomic inequalities in suicide deaths tended to diminish over time, as suicide attempts progressed in Ilam Province.
Subject(s)
Humans , Cross-Sectional Studies , Iran , Social Class , Socioeconomic Factors , Suicide , Suicide, Attempted , Vulnerable PopulationsABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Little information exists on the association between comorbidities of mental disorders and suicidal ideation in developing countries. The current study examined the relationship between the presence of comorbid mental disorders and suicidal ideation in the adult population.METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted using the cluster random sampling method in 3 steps. Data were collected from a household assets survey and the self-administered 28-item General Health Questionnaire as first step in screening, and the Persian version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition - Text Revision was used in the second stage to determine the prevalence of mental disorders. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were used to investigate the associations between mental disorders and suicidal ideation.RESULTS: Of the 763 participants, 199 (26.1%) had 1 or more mental disorder. Forty-two (71.4%) subjects with comorbidities had a history of suicidal ideation, whereas 59 (7.7%) of all participants had a history of suicidal ideation. We found that major depressive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder were the most predictive of suicidal ideation in both sexes. The odds ratio for suicidal ideation associated with having 3 comorbid disorders was 2.70 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40 to 14.12) in males and 3.06 (95% CI, 1.25 to 15.22) in females.CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with pervious data, our results confirmed that mental disorders and comorbidities of mental disorders were important predictors of suicidal ideation. Our findings are very useful for applied intervention programs to reduce the suicide rate in regions in which it is high.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depressive Disorder, Major , Developing Countries , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Family Characteristics , Mass Screening , Mental Disorders , Methods , Multivariate Analysis , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Suicidal Ideation , SuicideABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Little information exists on the association between comorbidities of mental disorders and suicidal ideation in developing countries. The current study examined the relationship between the presence of comorbid mental disorders and suicidal ideation in the adult population. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted using the cluster random sampling method in 3 steps. Data were collected from a household assets survey and the self-administered 28-item General Health Questionnaire as first step in screening, and the Persian version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition - Text Revision was used in the second stage to determine the prevalence of mental disorders. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were used to investigate the associations between mental disorders and suicidal ideation. RESULTS: Of the 763 participants, 199 (26.1%) had 1 or more mental disorder. Forty-two (71.4%) subjects with comorbidities had a history of suicidal ideation, whereas 59 (7.7%) of all participants had a history of suicidal ideation. We found that major depressive disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder were the most predictive of suicidal ideation in both sexes. The odds ratio for suicidal ideation associated with having 3 comorbid disorders was 2.70 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.40 to 14.12) in males and 3.06 (95% CI, 1.25 to 15.22) in females. CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with pervious data, our results confirmed that mental disorders and comorbidities of mental disorders were important predictors of suicidal ideation. Our findings are very useful for applied intervention programs to reduce the suicide rate in regions in which it is high.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Depressive Disorder, Major , Developing Countries , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Family Characteristics , Mass Screening , Mental Disorders , Methods , Multivariate Analysis , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Suicidal Ideation , SuicideABSTRACT
Aim: In this study, we aimed to estimate one- to five-year survival rates in Iranian patients with gastric cancer [GC]. In addition, we preformed subgroup analyses and meta-regression to explore possible sources of heterogeneity between studies
Background: According to literatures, there has been increasing attention to the long-term survival rate in patients with GC in Iran. However, results have been inconsistent and remain controversial in overall survival rates
Patients and methods: Literature searches were conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and ISI, as well as Magiran, Medlib, SID, and Iran Medex databases. Studies were pooled and summary one to five survival rates were calculated. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to explore possible sources of heterogeneity among studies. Subgroup analyses were also conducted. Analyses were conducted using the STATA statistical software package
Results: Final analysis of 29361 patients from 26 eligible studies was performed. The overall survival rate [one to five years] in all studies, by meta-analysis of 24, 14, 23, 12 and 22 studies were 52%, 31%, 24%, 22%, and 15%, respectively. Meta-regression analysis showed an increase in one- and five-year survival rate over the time [Reg Coef = 0.016, p= 0.04] and [Reg Coef= 0.021, p= 0.049], respectively. Positive heterogeneity was observed between quality of papers and data sources [P<0.001]
Conclusion: More than half of GC deaths happened in the first year at diagnosis, and another 30% plus they occurred during the second year after confirmed diagnosis. Our results admit lower survival rates in Iran, similar to other developing countries
ABSTRACT
Background: Suicide has become an increasingly widespread form of morbidity in the developing countries. There has been an increasing trend in morbidity and mortality due to suicide in Iran over the past few decades. This study surveyed attempts and completed suicide over a 5-year period
Methods: Through a cross-sectional study, overall identified suicides by systematic registration suicide data [SRSD] in Ham Province, western Iran from 21 March 2010 to 11 December 2014 were enrolled. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used for measuring the association between the risk factors of interest and suicide. The statistical software package was Stata 11.2
Results: A Suicide attempts have slightly increased in Ham during 2010-2014, during which, 6,818 attempted suicides occurred of which 546 were completed. The odds of completed suicide was higher among older age groups than younger ones so that the crude OR estimates of completed suicide among people aged 50 to 59 yr against people aged <20 yr was [OR=6.99; 95% Cl: 3.02, 11.07]
The crude and adjusted odds ratio [OR] estimates of completed suicide in males against females were [OR=3.22; 95% Cl: 2.58, 3.93] and [OR=3.66; 95% Cl: 3.03, 4.11], respectively. Significant excess risk also appeared with academic against illiterate attempters [OR=2.31; 95% Cl: 1.35, 3.95]
Results showed no increasing trend in the suicide method. Some methods such as self-immolation had decreasing trend over time, although it was not statistically significant [P=0.089]
Conclusions: We observed the variety of suicide risk factors that calls for more diversity in preventative programs. Distribution of suicide methods is diverse across the period of the study
ABSTRACT
Background: Connection between socioeconomic status and mental health has been reported already. Accordingly, mental health asymmetrically is distributed in society; therefore, people with disadvantaged condition suffer from inconsistent burden of mental disorders. In this study, we aimed to understand the determinants of socioeconomic inequality of mental health in the female-headed households and decomposed contributions of socioeconomic determinants in mental health
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 787 female-headed households were enrolled using systematic random sampling in 2014. Data were taken from the household assets survey and a self-administered 28 item General Health Questionnaire [GHQ-28] as a screening tool for detection of possible cases of mental disorders. Inequality was measured by concentration index [CI] and as decomposing contribution in inequality. All analyses were performed by standard statistical software Stata 11.2
Results: The overall CI for mental health in the female-headed households was -0.049 [95% CI: -0.072, 0.025]. The highly positive contributors for inequality in mental health in the female-headed households were age [34%] and poor household economic status [22%]
Conclusions: Socioeconomic inequalities exist in mental health into female-headed households and mental health problems more prevalent in women with lower socioeconomic status
ABSTRACT
The present study aimed to investigate the influence of histological factors on survival of patients with esophageal cancer. Esophageal cancer is almost the common form of malignancy in the eastern world. Through a retrospective cohort study a consecutive series of 134 patients with definite diagnosis of esophageal cancer who had been hospitalized at the Towhid hospital, Sanandaj city, Kurdistan province western Iran during a five-year period from 2006 onward were recruited. The survival time of patients stratified by this grouping method were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression. Overall, 127 males [55.1%], with a mean age of 65.38 +/- 11.62 years were included. Based on histological type of tumor, 23 patients [18.1%] had adenocarcinoma [AC] and 94 patients [74.0%] had squamous cell carcinoma [SCC]. Gender was not significantly associated with survival [Log rank =0.480]. Location of tumor [log rank=0.014], histological type [log rank
ABSTRACT
Esophageal cancer is often diagnosed in the last stages where the chance of patient's survival is very low. The aim of this systematic review was presentation of valid estimation of survival in patients with esophageal cancer in different regions of Iran. A systematic review was carried out based on the reliable domestic medical databases including: SID, Magiran, Irandoc and Iranmedex as well as reliable foreign databases like PubMed and Scopus using "Cancer", "Esophagus", "survival" "Neoplasms" and "Longevity" as keywords. Then all the reviewed articles and dissertations which met the entry criteria were analyzed. The data were analyzed by using meta-analysis method [random model] and by means of STATA software application version 11.1. In 18 studies the total numbers of 2932 people were analyzed. The one year survival rate in Iran is estimated at 47 percent [95% CI: 34-61] and the five year survival rate is estimated at 12% [95% CI: 8-16]. The two, three and four year survival rates were 31% [95% CI: 18-44], 22% [95% CI: 13-31] and 21% [95% CI: 4-38], respectively. According to the findings one year survival rate for esophageal cancer in Iran is almost four times higher than its five year survival rate. Moreover the five year survival rate in Iran is less than many other countries
ABSTRACT
Febrile seizure [FS] as the most common form of seizures in childhood, affects 2-5% of all children across the world. The present study reviews available reports on FS recurrence frequency and evaluates its associated risk factors in Iran. We searched the Persian database such as: SID, MagIran, Medlip, Irandoc, Iranmedex as well as English databases PubMed, ISI, and Scopus. Random effects models were used to calculate 95% confidence intervals. Meta regression was introduced to explore the heterogeneity between studies. The overall FS recurrence rate was 20.9% [95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.3-29.5%]. The frequency of FS simple and complex types was 69.3% [95% CI: 59.5-79.0] and 25.3% [95% CI: 19.6-31.0], respectively. A positive familial history of 28.8% [95% CI: 19.3-38.4%] was observed for childhood FS including 36.2% [95% CI: 27.3-39.6%] for the simple and 29.4% [95% CI: 23.1-33.5%] for the complex type. The heterogeneity of recurrent FS was significantly affected by sample size [P=0.026]. Almost one-third of FS children had a positive familial history. The increased risk of recurrence in patients with symptomatic seizures needs to be fully considered by parents, physicians, nurses and health policy makers
Subject(s)
Humans , Recurrence , Child , Sudden Infant Death/etiology , Meta-Analysis , Risk Factors , Confidence IntervalsABSTRACT
A few factors appear to boost a child's risk of having recurrent febrile seizures, including young age during the first seizure, seizure type, and having immediate family members with a history of febrile seizures. The present study aimed to provide reliable information about recurrent febrile seizure in Iranian children. On the computerized literature valid on valid keyword with search in valid database PubMed, Scientific Information Databases [SID [, Global medical article limberly [Medlib], Iranian Biomedical Journals [Iran Medex], Iranian Journal Database [Magiran], and Google Scholar recruited in different geographic areas. To explore heterogeneity in studies I[2] index was used. Meta-analysis used to data analysis with random effects model. Hospital data of 4,599 children with febrile seizure. Overall, 21 studies met our inclusion criteria. Febrile seizure in 2 age groups [<2 and 2-6 years] were 55.8% [95% CI: 50.4-61.2] and 44.2% [95% CI: 38.8-61.2] respectively. Pooled recurrent rate of febrile seizure in Iran was 20.9% [95% CI: 12.3-29.5]. In 28.8 [95% CI: 19.3-38.4], children there was positive family history. The mean prevalence of simple and complex seizures was 69.3% [95% CI: 59.5-79.0] and 28.3% [95% CI: 19.6-31.0] respectively. The rates in different geographical regions of central, east, and west of Iran, 25, 20.8 and 27.1% were estimated, respectively. According to the data the prevalence febrile seizure is higher in males and children under two years. Recurrence rate in Iran, similar to other studies performed in other regions of the world